Pencil drawing lessons for beginners, children. Master class step by step, beautiful

Anyone can learn to draw beautifully with a pencil. You don’t have to have any special gift or talent to do this. The ability to draw is a skill that, if desired, can be developed through regular training. It’s best to start with simple elements and objects, gradually moving on to more complex subjects.

Basic rules of drawing with a pencil

"Learning to draw with a pencil" - for beginners this phrase should mean, first of all, mastering some rules. After all, this art, like any other work, is impossible without observing a number of requirements and certain laws. If you neglect their study, mastering this science will be very difficult.

To learn how to draw beautifully with a simple pencil quickly and easily, It is necessary to become familiar with the following basic rules of this art form:

• Choosing the right pencil. The main drawing tool should be sharpened and have a thin enough lead. If you need to highlight a grainy and thick line, it is recommended to use a pencil with a thick and slightly blunted lead.
• The arrangement of objects in the drawing. The visual proximity of the drawn elements is directly dependent on their location on the canvas. Thus, the drawing depicted at the bottom of the sheet will look larger than the same one drawn at the top.

• The law of perspective or the rule of distance between drawn objects. It states that if objects in a drawing are distributed at a small distance, they will look large. Elements that are not so close to each other will look more miniature.
• Volume. In order to give the drawn figure a three-dimensional appearance, it is necessary to darken its opposite side.
• Creating the illusion of distance. It is important to delimit the drawing and always draw a horizon line on the canvas. All depicted objects should be of different sizes. By following these simple rules, the viewer of the painting will have the impression that the objects drawn are located at different distances from him.
• Law of density. The density of the image also allows you to achieve the illusion of the drawn objects moving away or approaching. So, distant objects should be made lighter and given fewer details (it is best to depict them slightly blurred). The closer elements of the drawing should have clear outlines and lines.

How to teach a child to draw

Many children really enjoy drawing. During this exciting activity, they often come up with new magical worlds and kingdoms in which some fairy-tale characters live.

This process is one of the ways for a child to comprehend reality and learn about the world around them. At the same time, small children, when drawing, as a rule, do not focus on the final result. They get real pleasure from the process itself.

Learning to draw with a pencil: for beginning little artists, an introduction to The art of creating drawings on paper should begin with the selection and preparation of all the necessary materials:

• drawing album;
• a simple pencil with a soft lead;
• a good eraser;
• a set of colored pencils (12 colors will be enough to start with);
• step-by-step drawing schemes for the simplest objects.

In addition, it is important to provide the child with a comfortable workplace where he can create and make his first masterpieces:

• comfortable table;
• comfortable chair;
• good lighting.

During training, it is important to follow several basic recommendations:

• You can't allow your child to develop a "fear of a blank sheet of paper." The ability to start from scratch, the absence of fear of unfamiliar tasks when creating new projects - all these are very useful skills that will definitely come in handy in the future.
• You need to give your child pencils and freedom. You can start asking your child to draw when he or she has developed the skill of holding objects in his or her hand. You should not evaluate the results of the work. You should also not set specific tasks for the child. It is important to encourage and welcome any manifestations of children's imagination.

• You shouldn't teach your child to draw "correctly" and expect realistic drawings from your little artist.
• There is no need to compare the child's work with any specific example. It is important to explain to the child that the same object can look completely different in different artists.
• You should discuss with your child what he or she has drawn. It is important to discuss the content of the drawing, not to evaluate the final result. You need to ask the child what he or she has drawn, and engage him or her in dialogue. As a rule, children are happy to share their fantasies.
• You can't correct or add to your child's drawing. Such actions can upset and sadden the child.

How to learn to draw as an adult

Drawing is a complex creative activity that is usually taught from early childhood. But if an adult suddenly feels the need to depict something on paper, do not restrain this spiritual impulse. You should pick up a pencil and start creating.

Let's learn to draw with a pencil. For beginners, it won't be superfluous to have a preliminary familiarization with several basic practical tips on how best to begin learning the basics of this art form:

• You need to show interest, persistence and diligence. It is important to clearly understand and realize that a real masterpiece is unlikely to happen the first time. You should be patient and persistently move towards your goal.

• It is important to remember that pencil drawing is rightfully considered the fundamental basis of all other types of painting.

All sketches are always made with a pencil. Having mastered this type of drawing, you can try your hand at other genres of painting.

• You need to constantly practice and improve your skills.

It is best to start with the images of the simplest objects, for example, geometric shapes.

Gradually, the task can be complicated - give objects volume, play with light and shadow. The main thing is not to stop there and continue moving forward. There will always be something to learn.

• Learning to draw with a pencil – for beginners, this means, first of all, copying existing paintings or drawings by other authors. However, one must not forget about one’s individuality. One should make every effort to start creating one’s own plots as quickly as possible, filled with inimitable uniqueness.

In order to develop your drawing skills, you need to achieve good results in the ability to:

• correctly place objects on the canvas (so that they look three-dimensional, not flat);
• work with such well-known pencil drawing effects as tone and shadow;
• add volume to figures;
• compose the composition of the drawing correctly.

How to quickly learn to draw a person with a pencil

When learning to draw a human figure on a piece of paper using a simple pencil, you first need to make some mathematical calculations. Their results will help you maintain all the necessary proportions.

As a rule, the size of the head is taken as a basis and, relative to it, the size of all other parts of the body is calculated.

For the image of a man	For the image of a woman
From the head to the hip, you need to measure a distance equal to 2.5 heads.	From the head to the hip, you need to measure a distance equal to 2 heads.
From the hip to the knee, you need to measure a distance equal to 1.5 heads.	From the hip to the knee, you need to measure a distance equal to 2 heads.
From the knee to the heel, you need to measure a distance equal to 2 heads.	From the knee to the heel, you need to measure a distance equal to 2-2.5 heads.

The greatest attention should be paid to creating the face. It is usually depicted in several stages. The most important thing here is to take into account the large number of lines that must be conveyed with maximum accuracy.

Landscapes

In order to draw a beautiful landscape with a pencil, you need to follow a certain sequence of actions:

• First of all, you should sketch out a future drawing on a piece of paper.
• You also need to decide on the number of shades of shading needed for a particular painting.
• Next, you need to distribute the colors of the shading and its intensity, according to the drawing rules.

• Then, one by one, in ascending order, shade all the elements of the future landscape with each hatching color.
• If necessary, you can add clarity to individual objects in the drawing. For example, make the foliage on the trees more lush.

Anime

Drawing anime is much easier than drawing a regular person, because in this case, you do not need to follow the classic rules of drawing a human face. The main elements in this genre are the head, hair and eyes.

When creating an anime drawing, you should adhere to the following sequence of actions:

• First of all, you need to draw an oval of the head. Then, divide it with a straight line in half and then into 3 parts across.
• Next, you need to make marks in the places where the mouth, nose and large eyes will be located.
• The next step may be to draw the eyes, the distance between which should be equal to the size of 1 eye.

When drawing large anime eyes, it is better to start with the outline of the arc of the upper eyelid.

It is also important not to forget about the main feature of these animated film heroes - the glare in the pupils. They are usually given special attention.

• The nose of anime characters also has its own distinctive feature - it is always depicted as very small. Often, artists draw it in the form of a small check mark.
• Above the large eyes, eyebrows should be placed, which should be done in a classic style - in the form of 2 arched lines.
• Lips of anime cartoon characters are usually drawn using two small lines that meet each other.
• Hair should be depicted as triangular plates, which are arranged in a chaotic manner. Most often, they slightly cover the eyes.

At home

The main rule to remember when drawing a house is to use straight lines. Then the building in the drawing turns out beautiful and stately.

It is also important to remember a number of recommendations regarding the technique of drawing at home with a pencil:

• You need to start drawing the house from its bottom part, gradually moving upwards.
• The basis of the future house is an ordinary rectangle consisting of straight even lines.
• The foundation should be marked out by drawing it along the width of the building.
• Using straight lines, you need to mark the locations of doors, windows, corners and other elements.

• The roof is most often depicted as a triangular shape. But this is not necessary, its appearance can be different.

The most effective roof covering in the picture is its design with tiles.

It is important to pay due attention all the main details of the house and carefully draw:

• doorway;
• windows;
• shutters;
• steps;
• porch.

It is also necessary to shade the drawing, observing all the basic rules of drawing with a pencil. If desired, you can add liveliness to the picture by placing flowers, trees and bushes around the house.

Dog

To draw a dog with a pencil, necessary:

1. Take as a basis:

• circle (this will be the animal's face);
• oval (it will act as the dog's body).

2. Form the animal's face by adding:

• eyes;
• brows;
• nose;
• mouth;
• ears.

3. Draw paws for the dog.
4. Apply all details.

Horse

To draw a horse on paper using a simple pencil, you need:

• Mark the boundaries of the planned drawing.
• Draw a medium-sized triangle in the upper left corner. Its corners should be slightly rounded. This element will serve as the basis for the future head of the animal.

• Draw 2 ovals. They should be placed at an angle relative to each other.

These objects will act as a basis for the future horse's chest.

• Connect these ovals to each other. The result should be the belly of the future horse.
• Draw a diagram of the horse's legs.

Use bold dots to mark the places where the bends of the limbs will be located and connect them with straight lines.

It is important to maintain the proportions of the horse's body and remember that the knees of these animals are located quite high.

• Finish drawing the legs, making them sinewy and muscular. Start by drawing the front legs. The horse's knees should be slightly forward, and the heels should be raised.
• Draw the hooves (they are drawn in the shape of a trapezoid).
• Draw the animal's hind legs, making their upper part noticeably fuller than the front ones, so as not to disturb the proportions of the horse's body.
• Draw the horse's neck using light and smooth lines. The transition from the head to the body should not be abrupt. It is better to draw the neck in a slightly curved shape. This part of the body should be quite powerful, but at the same time, convey all the grace inherent in this noble animal.
• Draw the horse's head again; neck; legs; body.
• Carefully erase all auxiliary lines with an eraser – they will no longer be needed.
• Draw the missing details on the horse’s head: ears; large nostrils; voluminous eyes.
• Draw a fluffy, flowing tail for the animal.

• Carefully work out all the muscles of the horse: highlight them with shading on the legs, as well as in the neck area. This trick will add power and realism to the drawn animal.
• Draw a lush, beautiful mane for the horse.
• Mark the places where the joints bend on the horse's legs. For this, you can use a few additional neat strokes.
• Add volume to the drawing using the shading technique.

Cat

In order to draw a cat on paper using a simple pencil, you need to do the following:

• In the upper half of the sheet you need to draw a circle, slightly elongated to the sides.
• Next, draw 2 curved lines down from the circle (this will be the cat's body), and from their middle, 2 more curved lines (these will be the animal's hind legs).
• The next step is to draw the cat's ears. They look like triangles with slightly curved sides.
• Then, at the bottom of the animal’s muzzle, you need to draw a small triangle (this will be the cat’s nose), and from it, draw 2 small curls (this will be the mouth).

• Now you can draw the cat's eyes. They should be oval-shaped with pointed corners on the sides. Circles should be drawn inside the eyes, and elongated pupils inside them.
• It is also necessary to add whiskers to the animal.
• Next, you need to draw 4 paws for the cat, with 3 toes on each.
• Next, you need to draw a fluffy tail for the cat.
• For beauty, you can add a little fluffiness to the animal’s ears, paws and chest.

People's faces

In order to master drawing a human face with a simple pencil, It is necessary to remember several basic stages and principles of such work:

• First of all, you need to draw an oval and divide it into 4 parts using the axes of symmetry (they should converge in the center of the oval).
• Next, the oval should be given the shape of a person's face by drawing the appropriate contour lines. It is better to start with the chin.
• Next, moving upward, draw the cheekbones and temporal region.

To prevent the outline from appearing too heavy, you can shade its line using a small piece of paper.

• Now the face needs to be divided crosswise into 3 equal parts.

It is better to do this with neat, barely noticeable lines. The tip of the nose will be located on the lowest of them.

• You need to start drawing the nose from its tip.

The shape of this part of the face can be different: round, pointed or square. It depends on the type. You also need to draw the wings of the nose and the bridge of the nose.

• You should start drawing the mouth from the upper lip. Or more precisely, from its curve, which is located right under the nose.
• The depiction of the eyes requires special attention.

How to learn to draw eyes well with a pencil

Eyes are usually given special attention when drawing portraits.

When depicting this part of the face, the following basic principles should be taken into account:

• The face oval should be divided into 5 parts. The eyes should be located between the 2nd and 4th lines.
• Next, you need to mark the place for the eyebrows. They should start exactly above the bridge of the nose.
• The basis for the future eyes should be drawn in the form of an oval. In it, you need to depict a round pupil.
• Next, using the darkening effect, you need to highlight the eyelids. You also need to draw the eyelashes.

Cars

To draw a car using a pencil, you can follow the following plan of action:

• First of all, it is necessary to outline the external contours of the future car.
• Then the resulting template needs to be divided in half.
• Next, you should mark the body of the car, using thick lines for this technique.
• The next step is to draw the wheels.
• Then you need to add windows, doors and side mirrors to the drawn car.
• The final stage of work is the distribution of all remaining parts (bumpers, headlights, etc.).

Food

You can master the skills of drawing any food products by following the corresponding detailed step-by-step lessons. You can start learning, for example, with food that is known and loved all over the world – with bread.

To draw a loaf of bread on paper using a simple pencil, you need:

• Using light movements, sketch a square on the sheet of paper.
• Round off its corners a little and draw cuts on top.

• Use careful movements to outline the contours of the future loaf. You should also make the edges of the cuts on the loaf clear.
• Draw shadows and add missing details (for example, you can draw sesame seeds on the crust of bread).

Sketches of clothes

A clothing sketch is a surface drawing of a model. The main focus is usually on the clothing, shoes and accessories. The human silhouette remains in the background.

There are several basic rules for drawing clothing sketches using pencil:

• It is necessary to pay due attention to details and trifles, carefully drawing all accessories, patterns, frills, etc.

• When creating a sketch of clothing, it is extremely important to consider the density of the fabric, because it directly affects how this or that clothing will look on the model's figure. For example, light fabric should fit tightly to the body of a person, and dense fabric should sit somewhat baggy.
• It is necessary to carefully draw all the folds on the material, and also pay due attention to the depiction of the curves of the model's figure. Compliance with this rule will allow you to achieve the most realistic look of clothing in the sketch. In addition, it should be taken into account that on thick fabric, the folds are depicted more wavy, and on thin fabric - small and intermittent.

Flowers

In order to display all the beauty and charm of flowers in a pencil drawing, you need to study their proportions and structural features. To achieve an excellent result and maximum realism of the image, you need to correctly arrange all the elements of the plant in space, as well as carefully draw the petals and give them a velvety appearance.

Using special auxiliary lines and techniques for creating volume will allow you to convey the natural beauty of flowers in the picture - another rule when learning to draw with a pencil.

Any flower can be drawn in several ways:

• in the form of a closed bud;
• in the form of an open inflorescence;
• in the form of a falling inflorescence.

You can master the drawing on paper with a simple pencil of a certain variety of this delicate creation of nature with the help of a corresponding detailed schematic lesson with step-by-step instructions.

Drawing with a pencil is a great way to spend your free time.

Not only painting professionals, but also beginners can practice this type of art.

After all, thanks to step-by-step lessons and regular training, anyone can master it.

Author: Olga Martynova

Article formatting:Natalie Podolskaya

Video about the basics of drawing with pencils

Learn to draw with a pencil - detailed instructions in this video: